Theories of development and how they have ifluenced current practice Essay

Theories of development and how they have ifluenced current practice - Essay Example These theories include: Behavioral Theories Cognitive Theories Psychoanalytical Theories Humanist Theories Personality Theories Operant Conditioning Theories Below there is a little discussion on some of these theories and there’s impact on the current practices of psychology. Psychoanalytical Theory: This theory implies the efforts of psychoanalysts who work according to this theory, major researchers whose work is significant in this theory include Sigmund Freud, Melanie Klein and Jacques Lacan, and others include fanon and Althusser. At large these theories address cultures rather than individuals. These analysts usually observe the communities and analyze the factors and the cultural diversities which are affecting these communities. At times, the patient is not willing to share the information with the psychologist so in that case, further treatment can be restrained so psychologist should come to the level of transference with the patient which is a condition in which pa tient starts to take the service provider as one of his family member so the therapist should minimize the gap between resistance and the transference as it will help him to resolve the problem of the client. Sigmund Freud was the first renowned person in the field of psychoanalysis, most of his theories appeared unacceptable at the start of the19th century but now most of these theories are accepted worldwide in psychology. Before his time even, there were therapist who believed in unconscious mental activity but he was the pioneer who clearly explained the importance of unconscious mental activity. He was of the view that both abnormal as well as normal behavior was controlled by unconscious activity and the past events of the patient affect the present behavior of the client. At the beginning, his ideas faced criticism but he firmly believed in those ideas and now a days, his ideology forms the basis of psychoanalysis. Most of the psychoanalysts believe that psychoanalysis is the most significant parameter which can give an insight of the human mind and by having the knowledge of oneself; patients can relieve themselves from their illnesses and can built strong human relationships. Nowadays psychoanalysis is useful in following practices It is a technique which is used to train the professionals. It is a scientific method which is used as a tool for critical appreciation which can be useful in studying the individuals as well as their life’s scenarios. It is the main theory in the clinical psychology. It can be a part of therapeutic intervention for the management of neurosis. This theory laid the foundation of the thought that one should be open to accept new techniques and principles in the field of psychology. Cognitive Theory: Cognitive theory basically stands on the concept of perception, according to cognitive theory; human thoughts are the determinant of human emotions as well as behavior thus affecting the personality in the end. Most of the followers of this school of thought are of the view that if there are no thoughts then there would be neither any emotions nor any behavioral implications so thoughts can be considered as a building block of any emotional process. This theory acquired attention in the 80’s and 90’s and since then a lot of literature has been written on this principle emphasizing the need to modify